Ch.1: Our Pakistan
Q/A
Q1:
List the prominent features of relief of
Pakistan.
Ans: Prominent features of relief of Pakistan are:
1) Mountains
2) Plateaus
3) Plains
4) Coasts
5) Deserts
Q2:
Name the two mountain ranges of Pakistan.
Ans: The two mountain ranges of Pakistan are:
1) Northern Mountain Ranges
2) Western Mountain Ranges
Q3:
Which mountains make up the Northern
Mountain Range?
Ans: Himalayas, Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountains make up
the Northern Mountain Range.
Q4:
Name the mountains in the Western
Mountain Range.
Ans: The mountains in the western range are:
1) Sufaid Koh Range
2) The Sulaiman Mountain Range
3) The Kirthar Mountain Range
4) The Toba Kakar Range
5) Chaghi Hills
6) Raas Koh
7) Siahan Koh
Q5:
What is Pass? Name five passes of the
Sulaiman Range.
Ans: A Pass a is a narrow path between two mountains. The
Khyber,Kurram, Tochi, Gomal and
Bolan are passes of Sulaiman Range.
Q6:
What is plateau?
Ans: Plateau means a raised ground. The top of the raised
surface is flat. The height of
plateaus is 600 m and above.
Q7:
Describe the location of Potwar plateau.
Which rivers run through it?
Ans: The Potwar plateau is spread between river Jhelum and
river Indus. The river Haro,
river Soan, river Kanshi run through it.
Q8:
Describe the quality of land of the
Potwar plateau.
Ans: The land of
Potwar plateau is hard, rockey and dry. Most of the land is not suitable for cultivation.
Q9:
Which is most fertile area of the
Balochistan Plateau? Make a list of its agriculture
produce.
Ans: Loralai Basin and Quetta Basin are most fertile area of
Balochistan plateau. Maize,
barley, fruit like apple, peaches, almonds, grapes and pomegranets are produced here.
Q10:
Which areas make up the Upper Indus
Plain?
Ans: Areas of Punjab from eastern border of
Pakistan of the Sulaiman Mountains in the
west and from potwar plateau to Bahawalpur
district make up Upper Indus plains.
Q11:
Which areas make up the Lower Indus
Plain?
Ans: Areas
of southern part of Punjab and entire Sindh make up Lower Indus Plain.
Q12:
Which countries do share the coastline
of Arabian sea with us?
Ans: India, Iran, Oman, Sri Lanka, Yemen, Somalia and
Maldives share the coastline of
Arabian sea with us.
Q13:
Describe the location of Makran Coast in
Pakistan?
Ans: Makran is the southern region of Balochistan along the
coast of the Arabian sea and Gulf
of Oman.
Q14:
Which is the largest seaport of
Pakistan? How is it playing an important
role in Pakistan’s economy?
Ans: Karachi port is
largest seaport of Pakistan. It handles about 60 percent of nation’s cargo (25 million tons per
annum).
Q15:
What is the importance of Gwadar port?
Ans: Gwadar port is located at Gwadar in Balochistan. It is
duty-free port and free economic
zone. It has links with other countries. It will be the centre of an economic activity in future.
Q16:
Name the deserts of Pakistan.
Ans: Pakistan has Thal
Desert, The Cholistan Desert and Thar Desert.
Q17:
Which areas make up the Cholistan
Desert?
Ans: The deserts is to
the southeast of Punjab, Rahimyarkhan, Bahawalpur and Bahawal nagar are in this region.
Ch.2: Irrigation
Q1:
How does irrigation depend on rainfall?
Ans: Agriculture depends on water. If crops don’t get
sufficient amount of water they
do not grow well. Water from rain fall helps the crops to grow. Some parts of Pakistan get plenty of
rainfall.
Q2:
What type of canals are found in
Pakistan?
Ans: There are four types of canals are found in Pakistan.
1) Flooded Canals
2) Perennial Canals
3) Non-perennial Canals
4) Link canals
Q3:
What is Karez? Where is it found?
Ans: An underground water channel is tapped and maintained
like a water tunnel to reach the
desired destination is called Karez. Karez system is found in Balochistan.
Q4:
How do we get water from tube wells?
Ans: A tube is put into a hole dug deep in the
ground. Water from many
hundreds of meters below the surface
is pumped out by electric or diesel pumps.
Q5:
What type of methods of irrigation are
used in Pakistan?
Ans: There are three types of irrigation used in Pakistan.
1) Flooded irrigation
2) Furrow irrigation
3) Trickle irrigation.
Ch.3: Water Reservoirs
Q1:
Where do we find most of the water on
the earth?
Ans: Most of the water we use for drinking, washing, cooking
and farming comes from lakes and
rivers.
Q2:
Why is sea water not used?
Ans: Sea water is not used because:
1) It is salty.
2) It is not fresh
3) It is not suitable for our
stomach
Q3:
Where do we get fresh water from?
Ans: Fresh water is found in form of ice. Ice forms after
mountains receives snowfall.
Snow melts in the summer and streams and rivers are born.
Q4:
How does river water get polluted?
Ans: Water from rivers is mostly polluted by human, animal
and industrial waste.
Q5:
How does a water treatment plant
function?
Ans: A water treatment plant works as under:
1) Used water is brought to the
water treatment plant.
2) It is pumped into large
settling tanks.
3) Chemicals are added to it so
dust particles are settle down.
4) Water is filtered through
sand and gravel.
5) Chlorine is added to kill
the germs in water.
6) Sometime fluorine is added
to water.
7) Now water is
transported through large underground pipes to storage tanks.
8) Then water is supplied to
homes and factories.
Q6:
Describe the importance of Tarbela Dam.
Ans: Tarbela Dam, the biggest dam in Pakistan, is a giant
rock filled dam on the river Indus. It
was built between 1968 and 1976. The dam is 469 feet (143 m) high and 8997 feet (2743 m) wide.
Ch.4: Energy Resources
Q1:
Which are the important sources of
energy in Pakistan?
Ans: Oil, gas, coal and electricity are important sources of
energy in Pakistan.
Q2:
What are three main sources to produce
electricity?
Ans: The three main sources to produce electricity are:
1) Hydel
2) Thermal
3) Nuclear
Q3:
How is hydroelectricity produced?
Ans: Electricity producing generators are set up at the base
of dams. When dam’s gates are
opened, water falls on the generators and produces electricity. This is called hydroelectricity.
Q4:
Where is coal found in Pakistan?
Ans: Coal mines are in the salt ranges, near Quetta and in the
lowar Sindh. We have large coal reserves in Thar which are yet to be
exploited.
Q5:
Which alternative means of energy are
becoming popular in Pakistan?
Ans: Bio gas, solar energy and windmills are alternative
means of energy.
Ch.5: Industries
Q1:
Which is biggest industry in Pakistan?
Ans: The textile industry is the biggest industry in Pakistan.
Q2:
What sorts of products are made in the
leather industry?
Ans: Jackets, coats, belts, shoes and purses are made in
leather industry.
Q3:
Where are steel products made in
Pakistan?
Ans: Steel products are made in Pakistan Steel Mills Karachi
and in Heavy Mechanical Complex
Taxila.
Q4:
Which are important textile goods in
Pakistan?
Ans: Light to heavy cotton, towels, bed sheets, hosiery,
tapestry and woolen textile are
important textile goods in Pakistan.
Q5:
What are the important item of cottage
industry?
Ans: The important items of cottage industry are:
Embroidered garments, tapestry,
decoration pieces, marble goods, jewellery,
carved wooden furniture and carpets.
Ch.6: Food Processing and
Storage
Q1:
What is food processing?
Ans: Food processing can be defined as the preparation of
food to make it ready for
cooking or eating.
Q2:
Which is the oldest method to preserve
food?
Ans: Drying and dehydration is an old method to preserve
food.
Q3:
Write the names of three processes of
food processing.
Ans: The three processes of food processing are:
1) Heat processing
2) Dehydration
3) Refrigeration and freezing
Q4:
What is freeze-drying?
Ans: The combination of freezing and drying is known as freeze-drying.
Q5:
Explain the dehydration method of
preserving food?
Ans: Drying and dehydration is an old method to preserve
food. Fruit are dried and preserved using
this method. Water is removed from food and it becomes
free from bacteria. In past food was dried in the sun.
Ch.7: Story of Light
Q1:
What is lamp?
Ans: A device used for artificial lighting is called a lamp.
Q2:
Before the discovery of light, what were
the light sources on the earth?
Ans: Before the discovery of light, the sun, the moon and
stars were the light sources on
the earth.
Q3:
When was illuminating gas introduced?
Ans: The illuminating gas was introduced early in the 19th
century.
Q4:
Which materials were the early lamps
made of?
Ans: Early lamps were open vessels made of stone, clay, bones
and shells in which fat or oil
was burned.
Q5:
How are neon light made?
Ans: Neon lights are coloured. They are made by draining air
from glass tubes, then filling
them with neon gas at a low pressure.
