Chap 8 to 16 S..St Notes

Ch.8: Doctors

Q1: How does a doctor know that a body part is not working well?        

Ans: Doctors have many machines to know how a particular organ is functioning    in       human body.

Q2: Which machine records the heart beat of a person?

Ans: ECG machine records the heart beat of a person.

Q3: What is function of sonography machine?

Ans: Sonography machine can see all organs in our abdomen such as stomach,     kidneys, liver and gall bladder.

Q4: What is ICU and CCU?

Ans: Special area of a hospital is ICU (Intensive Care Unit) where patients in a serious    condition are kept. For heart patient it is CCU (Coronary Care         Unit). There is       silence and children are not allowed there.     

Q5: Where are the serious patients kept?

Ans: Serious patients are kept in ICU (Intensive Care Unit).

Ch.10: Earthquakes

Q1: Why does an earthquake occur?

Ans: Sometimes the plates collide with each other or are pulled apart. Whenever    this happens, earthquakeshit the surface of the earth.

Q2: How is the magnitude of an earthquake measured?

Ans: The strength of magnitude of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale. Richter Scale is from 0 to 10.

Q3: What is tsunami?

Ans:  A tsunami is a series of huge waves that can cause great devastation and     loss of         life when they strike a coast. Most of tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, but not all underwater earthquakes cause tsunami.

Q4: Why is there minimum damage in Japan as compared to Pakistan and       Iran   after earthquake?

Ans: Earthquakes are frequent in Japan. So, it has trained its people well to escape         damage and death caused by earthquakes. They have their buildings designed with special Japanese materials. Children are trained to cope with earthquake in schools.

Ch.13: Resolutions

Q1: What is resolution?

Ans: A resolution is a formal expression or statement of an idea about a       particular issue. It may include the desired solution to the problem.

Q2: When and where was the Pakistan resolution passed?

Ans: Pakistan resolution was passed on March 23, 1940 at Allama Iqbal Park Lahore.

Q3: What are the two basic parts of a resolution?

Ans: A resolution has two parts: The preamble and the conclusion. The preamble states   the need and reasons for the resolution. The conclusion is based on the reason           given in the preamble.

Q4: What is a plebiscite? What does the Kashmir resolution say about it?

Ans: Plebiscite means to know about people’s opinion about any problem.     Kashmir       resolution says that the people of Jammu and Kashmir may decide for themselves        whether they want to join India or Pakistan.

Q5: Why is the Kashmir Resolution still awaiting action?

Ans: The Kashmir resolution still awaiting action because India has been      avoiding to   conduct an impartial and neutral plebiscite in Kashmir.

Ch.14: National Days of Pakistan

Q1: What is a national day?

Ans: The national day of a country marks its nationhood. The day is celebrated as a national holiday. The people of the country express their unity as a nation.

Q2: Why do we celebrate the Pakistan day?

Ans: Every year on March 23, we commemorate the anniversary of the Pakistan    resolution passed on March 23, 1940. On this historical occasion the Muslims of           India changed their ultimate goal. Their struggle led to the creation of Pakistan.

Q3: When do we celebrate the Independence Day?

Ans: We celebrate Independence Day on 14^th August every year.

Q4: Who fought the 1965 war?

Ans: India and Pakistan fought the 1965 war.

Q5: Describe some of the celebrations we have on our national days.

Ans:  We exhibit our joy and freedom through processions, rallies, decorating and           illumination our houses and buildings all over the country on national days.

Ch.15: Story of Pakistan

Q1: Who were the Aryans? Where did they come from and what they did to     the     people of the subcontinent?

Ans: The Aryans attacked Indus valley around 1700 BC and ruined their civilization.         Aryans came from central Asia. They worshipped gods identified from the       element of nature. They followed a strict caste system, which later became Hinduism.

Q2: Who founded the Mauryan Empire? What were its chief characteristics?

Ans: Chandragupta Maurya founded Mauryan Empire. Their empire was spread                          in Punjab, Magadha, Deccan and Kalinga. They put a lot of efforts to spread     Buddhism in subcontinent. They built Buddhist monasteries and stupas.

Q3: What was the role of Muslims traders in introducing Islam to the people    of the subcontinent?

Ans: The subcontinent had a long history of trade with Saudi Arabia. The Indians were     very much impressed by the honesty and fairness of Muslim traders. People of     India were introduced to Islam through traders and later through expeditions of the      Muslims scholars and sufies.

Q4: Why did Muhammad Bin Qasim attack Sindh?

Ans: Raja Dahir was a cruel ruler. He protected pirates who attacked and looted the trading     ships. Therefore, Muhammad Bin Qasim attacked Sindh and  defeated Raja Dahir.

Q5: Why was Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi awarded the title of an “Idol-breaker”?

Ans: He attacked and destroyed Somnath which was religious and political center of        Hindus. Therefore, he was awarded the tile of an “idol-breaker”.

Q6: Write a note on the Mughal Rule in the subcontinent.

Ans: Mughals ruled in subcontinent for 331 years. Babar, Humayun, Akbar, Jehangir,           Shahjahan and Aurangzeb Alamgir were famous rulers of this era. During Jehangir Mughals saw their golden period. After that the sultanate      became weakened. Civil wars became a routine matter. The Muslims were         left behind in scientific research          and learning, Mughals did not have a    naval force. They were easily defeated by British.

Ch.16: The Distinguished Leadership

Q1: Who was Tipu Sultan?

Ans: Tipu Sultan was eldest son of Haider Ali was born on December 10, 1750. He           succeeded as ruler of the kingdom of Mysore after the death of his father in 1782.

Q2: State the famous quote of Tipu Sultan.

Ans: A lion’s life of one day is better than jackal’s life of Hundred years.

Q3: Describe Tipu’s work for the welfare of his people.

Ans: He was especially concerned with the welfare of his people. He built a chain of excellent roads and constructed tanks and dams to promote agriculture. He introduced new industries and promoted trade and commerce at large scale.

Q4: How did the British conspire against Tipu Sultan?

Ans: The British conspired against Sultan Tipu and paid heavy bribes to his courtiers. In this act of disloyalty a Hindu minister Pornia played a considerable role.

Q5: What were the conditions of the subcontinent during the time of Shah Waliullah?

Ans: The Mughal rule was greatly weakened after Aurangzeb. There was no powerful           administration and law and order was deteriorating. There was poor understanding of the Holy Quran in the society.

 Q6: What was the biggest service of Shah Waliullah for Islam?

Ans: His services of Islam was as under:

1)   He made Madrassa-i-Rahimiyah in Delhi.

2)   He translated the Holy Quran into Persian.

3)   He interpreted the Holy Quran and Hadith.

Q7: What were the teachings of Shah Waliullah?

Ans: His teachings include buildings the concepts of basic social justice among the         common people to remove social inequalities.

Q8: Why was Ahmad Shah Abdali called to counter the Marhattas?

Ans: Marhattas were cruel to Muslims. They conquered many regions of India and were           advancing towards Delhi. Therefore, Shah Waliullah called Ahmad Shah Abdali to    counter the Marhattas.

Q9: Mention the result of the Panipat’s third war.

Ans: The third war of Panipat was fought and Marhattas suffered a crushing defeat.

Q10: Who were Ali brothers?

Ans: Maulana Muhammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali are commonly known as Ali brothers.

Q11: Which magazines did Maulana Muhammad Ali start publishing and why?

Ans: Maulana Muhammad Ali published two magazines “Comrade” in English and   “Hamdard” in Urdu. He published these magazines to urge Muslims to get freedom.

Q12: What were Maulana Muhammad’s contribution during the Khilafat Movement?

Ans: Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar was elected the president of the first Khilafat conference. During Khilafat Movement, Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar led a          delegation to England in 1919 to present the viewpoint of the Muslims to the British.

Q13: How did Maulana Shaukat Ali help the Quaid-i-Azam?

Ans: Maulana Shaukat Ali helped the Quaid-i-Azam in popularizing the Muslim League.     He toured Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Iraq, Yemen, Saudi Arabia and the United       States to deliver speeches on the freedom movement.

Q14: Why did Maulana Muhammad Ali refuse to be buried in India?

Ans: Because, Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar never wanted to be buried in a slave country.

Ch.17: Allama Muhammad Iqbal

Q1: What message did Allama Iqbal convey through his poetry?

Ans: He reminded the Muslims of their great heritage and reintroduced to them classic     Muslim thought in his poetry.

Q2: Where did Allama Iqbal receive his education in subcontinent?

Ans: He received his early education in:

o   Primary:                                   Traditional Maktab

o   Matriculation:                            Mission High School Sialkot

o   B.A (Bachelor of Arts):              Government College Lahore

o   M.A ( Masters of Arts) :            Government College Lahore

Q3: From where did he receive his higher education?

Ans: He did his bar-at-law from Cambridge University, London and PhD in Philosophy      from Germany.

Q4: What did Allama Iqbal write in a letter to the Quaid-i-Azam?

Ans: He said “A separate federation of the Muslim provinces is the only course by which we      can secure a peaceful India and save the Muslims from domination of non-Muslims”.

Q5: Name some important books of Allama Iqbal.

Ans: Important books of Allama Iqbal are as under:

1)   Asrar-i-Khudi

2)   Ramuz-i-Bekhudi

3)   Payam-i-Mashriq

4)   Bang-i-Dara

5)   Zabur-i-Ajam

6)   Javed Nama

7)   Bal-i-Jibril

8)   Zarb-i-Kalim

9)   Pas Cheh Bayad Kard

10)Armaghan-i-Hijaz